1N4007 (rated for 1,000 volts @ 1 A) are fine but I've switched to beefier IN5408 ( 1,000 volts @ 3A) lately. I've heard some guys use two diodes in series for extra protecting in case one shorts. Seems like overkill but wouldn't hurt.
Use ohms law. Resistance = filament voltage / current = (2.35 or 6.3) volts / 0.6 A. Really though you don't need to be exact - something around 3.9 - 15 ohms is fine.
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