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You're asking way too many questions at once. It's sensory overload reading it all.
There are some major fundamental things you're missing if you are describing analog TV and video information interms of pixels. There are no pixels in analog TV and they aren't a great way to quantify analog video system performance.
Television is a raster, which is a stack of scan lines (525 of them). A scan line is a continuous horizontal stripe of phosphor and analog information there are no defined pixel like boxes. The brightness is infinitely variable and can be any value at any physical location on the line. This is super apparent on a monochrome only TV. Color TVs have the illusion of pixels, but no actual pixels.... Basically to achieve color since you can't have one single phosphor make all 3 primary colors with independent control most color TVs have 3 different colors of phosphor arranged in a dot or stripe grid...The grid is NOT pixels, but merely a necessary side effect of needing 3 different color phosphors. They basically try to size the grid small enough that it won't noticably limit detail (the 15GP22 and the CRT in the GE Portacolor we're actually not small enough to prevent reduction in picture quality). Projection sets would use 3 monochrome CRTs as would field sequential sets that would rapidly show 3 complete video frames on a monochrome CRT with a spinning wheel with 3 different color filters in front of it such that on the green color frame the green color filter would be in front of the tube and tint it's light green, the blue filter in front of the screen when the blue video field was on screen, ETC.
Because a video dark to bright transition can be anywhere on the line digitizing that video can actually reduce resolution as the pixels in the digitizer may not line up with the transitions in a way that is can capture them or there may not be as many pixels as transitions thus there isn't a box to put some of the transitions into.
The horizontal line frequency is 15,750Hz so a horizontal line takes (time in seconds)= 1/(frequency in Hz)....Minus the duration of a complete horizontal sync pulse. If you convert the non-sync portion of the horizontal line time back to a frequency F=1/T vou can divide the video frequency by the visible line frequency and get the number of black/white transitions (number of vertical lines that can be displayed) at that video frequency. (I think I have that math right correct me if I'm wrong)
There's probably other things I could explain but I've already forgotten 75% of what you wrote.
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